Cylindrical, somewhat flattened, some slightly curved, 5-15cm long, 0.5-2cm in diameter. Externally greyish-brown or yellowish-brown, with slightly twisted or obviously twisted longitudinal wrinkles and furrows, showing transversal lenticels and sparse rootlet scars. Texture soft and hardened after long storage, easily broken, fracture uneven, bark dark green or brown, the outer part brown or pale brown; wood yellowish-brown, vessel bundles arranged radially. Odour, slightly aromatic; taste, bitter, slightly sweet, then astringent.

Aching and weakness of the loins and knees; rheumatic arthralgia, abnormal uterine bleeding or excessive menstrual flow, uttering bleeding during pregnancy; traumatic injuries.

1.Tonifying the liver and kidney and activating channel function to relieve pain

In treating soreness and pain of the lion and leg and weakness of the foot and knee due to deficiency of the liver and kidney and of the foot and knee due to deficiency of the liver and kidney and sluggishness of blood circulation, arthralgia due to wind, coldness and dampness, muscular spasm, etc., the drug is often used in combination with Cortex Eucommiae, Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae, Fructus Chaenomelis, etc.

2.Promoting reunion of fractured bones

In treating reunmatic injury, contusion, sprain, and closed fracture, the drug is often used in combination with Resina Boswelliae Carterii, Resina Commiphorae Myrrhae, Pyritum, Eupolyphaga seu steleophaga, Rhizoma Drynariae,etc.

3.Preventing metrorrhagia and abortion

In treating metrorrhgia, metrostaxis, leukorrhea, threatened abortion, viginal bleeding during pregnancy, etc., the drug is often used in combination with Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata, Colla Corii Asini, Folium Artemisiae Argyi, etc.