Ellipsoidal, with both ends slightly acute 1.2-2 cm long, 1-1.3 cm in diameter. Externally brown or grayish-brown, with 13-20 longitudinal, uneven and prominent lines on the surface, remains of perianth on the apex and fruit stalk at the base. Pericarp thin and slightly tenacious, adhering closely to seeds. Seeds gathered in groups and divided to three valves by septum with 6-11 seeds in each valve. Individual seed irregularly oblate, with slightly obtuse ribs, about 3 mm in diameter, externally greyish-brown or grayish-yellow, covered with pale brown membranous aril. Texture, hard, endosperm white. Odour, characteristically aromatic; taste, pungent and slightly bitter.

Cold syndrome of the spleen characterized by diarrhea, abdominal pain with cold sensation, and salivation; cold syndrome of the kidney characterized by enuresis, frequent urination, seminal emission and whitish discharge from urethra.

1. Tonifying kidney, arresting seminal emission and reducing urination

Intreating seminal emission, enuresis, frequent micturition, cloudy urine, etc. due to deficiency of the kidney, the drug is often used in combination with Semen Cuscutae, Rhizoma Dioscereae, Radix Linderae, etc.

2. Warming the spleen to arrest diarrhea and arresting salivation

In treating deficiency of spleen-Yang manifested by coldness and pain of the abdomen, vomitting, diarrhea, anorexia or salivation, the drug is often used in combination with Radix Codonopsis Pilsulae, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Rhiaoma Zingiberis, Fructus Amomi, etc.