Mostly crumpled and broken. When whole, petioled, ovate or broadly ovate, 8~15 cm long, 7~13 cm wide; apex acuminate, base truncate, round or cordate, margin dentate or obtuse-dentate, some irregularly partite. Upper surface yellowish-green or pale yellowish-brown, some with small warty protrudings; lower surface relatively light in colour, veins prominent, lateral veins reticulate, sparsely pubescent on the veins, cluster of hairs occurring at the vein base. Texture fragile. Odour, slight; taste, weak, slightly bitter and astringent.

Upper respiratory infection, heat in the lung with dry cough; dizziness, headache, inflammation of the eye, blurred vision.

1. Dispersing wind-heat from superficies

It is often combined with Flos Chrysanthemi, Fructus Forsythiae, Herba Menthae, Semen Armeniacae Amarum, etc. and is used for treating cold due to invasion by wind-heat accompanied with headache and red eyes, or for wind-warm syndrome characterized by fever, cough, and so on.

2. Clearing away evil heat in the lung to arrest coughing

It is often combined with Semen Armeniacae Amarum, Bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii, Radix Ophiopogonis, Gypsum Fibrosum, etc., for the treatment of cough and dryness of the throat due to invasion of the lung by dryness-heat.

3. Disppelling liver-fire and brightening the eyes

For treating the blood-shot eyes with pain and swelling due to and attack by pathogenic wind-heat, it is often combined with Flos Chrysanthemi, Ramulus Uncariae cum Uncis, etc.; For treating blurred vision due to deficiency of Yin of liver and kidey, 500g of the drug and 150g of Semen Swsami may be used by grinding them into powder and making them into pills mixed with honey; and the pills can be taken for a long time.

Dispersing wind-heat from superficies; clearing away evil heat in the lung to arrest coughing; dispelling liver-fire and brightening the eyes.